Search results for "PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Interventions"
showing 10 items of 403 documents
Tensions and Paradoxes of Scaling Up : A Critical Reflection on Physical Activity Promotion
2022
Background: Achieving system-level, sustainable ‘scale-up’ of interventions is the epitome of successful translation of evidence-based approaches in population health. In physical activity promotion, few evidence-based interventions reach implementation at scale or become embedded within systems for sustainable health impact. This is despite the vast published literature describing efficacy studies of small-scale physical activity interventions. Research into physical activity scale-up (through case-study analysis; evaluations of scale-up processes in implementation trials; and mapping the processes, strategies, and principles for scale-up) has identified barriers and facilitato…
From Sequences to Variables : Rethinking the Relationship between Sequences and Outcomes
2021
Sequence analysis is increasingly used in the social sciences for the holistic analysis of life-course and other longitudinal data. The usual approach is to construct sequences, calculate dissimilarities, group similar sequences with cluster analysis, and use cluster membership as a dependent or independent variable in a regression model. This approach may be problematic, as cluster memberships are assumed to be fixed known characteristics of the subjects in subsequent analyses. Furthermore, it is often more reasonable to assume that individual sequences are mixtures of multiple ideal types rather than equal members of some group. Failing to account for uncertain and mixed memberships may l…
Influence of sexual sensation seeking, sexual compulsivity and sexual pleasure in condom use among Spanish youth: implications for HIV interventions
2016
Spain is one of the countries with the highest incidence of HIV within the European Union. Multiple and complex factors influence HIV infection in young people. This study aims to determine the influence of sexual sensation seeking, sexual compulsivity and perceived sexual pleasure variables in condom use. A total of 424 heterosexual youth were evaluated (M age = 20.62; SD = 2.62) distributed into a risk group (60.7%) and a no-risk group (39.3%). Sexual Sensation Seeking Scale, AIDS Prevention Questionnaire, Sexual Compulsivity Scale, and Sexual Pleasure Perceived Scale were administered. Results indicate statistically significant differences in sexual sensation seeking (p=.001), failure to…
PERSOC: A Unified Framework for Understanding the Dynamic Interplay of Personality and Social Relationships
2011
The interplay of personality and social relationships is as fascinating as it is complex and it pertains to a wide array of largely separate research domains. Here, we present an integrative and unified framework for analysing the complex dynamics of personality and social relationships (PERSOC). Basic principles and general processes on the individual and dyadic level are outlined to show how personality and social relationships influence each other and develop over time. PERSOC stresses the importance of social behaviours and interpersonal perceptions as mediating processes organized in social interaction units. The framework can be applied to diverse social relationships such as first en…
Dog-Owner Relationship, Owner Interpretations and Dog Personality Are Connected with the Emotional Reactivity of Dogs
2022
Simple Summary The relationship between owner and the dog affects the dog's attachment behaviors and stress coping. In turn, the quality of the relationship may affect owner's interpretations about their dog's behavior. Here, we assessed dogs' emotional responses from heart rate variability and behavioral changes during five different situations. Dog owners evaluated the emotion (valence and arousal) of their dog after each situation. We found that both negative and positive incidents provoked signs of emotional arousal in dogs. Owners detected the dog's arousal especially during fear- and stress-evoking situations. The dog-owner relationship did not affect owners' interpretation of dogs' e…
Evolution des pratiques de soins dans les services de psychiatrie publique
2021
The document proposes a methodological device and some theoretical approaches to build a sociology of clinical practices in the "poles" (basic territorial units) of adult public psychiatry in France, based on a qualitative and quantitative exploratory survey in seven sites. It shows that the territorial offer of care presents aspects of homogenization throughout France: a decline of psychotherapies in favour of a myriad of "psychic interventions", the generalized development of eclecticism and pragmatism. However, the range of care on offer remains diversified both technically and ethically. In addition to the history of each site and the ideology of its leader, these differences are relate…
El edificio gremial de los abaixadors o tundidores, en Valencia
2020
In the ?barri del mercat?, in the city of Valencia and very close to its Lonja, there is a building complex which is the object of this study. The research, carried out from the simple field of toponymy, to the constructive analysis, lead us to suppose that it is the building of the Valencian trade union of cloth-shearers. It can be seen how the building now camouflaged by other subsequent interventions, corresponds to a type that cannot be related to those usually built in the city of Valencia. Its origins clearly from the Valencian self-governing period splendor, its dimensions and the finishes used in its construction seem to refer to a medieval workshop. A structure of great importance …
Health promoting sports federations : theoretical foundations and guidelines
2023
Background: Researchers and policy-makers have highlighted that the potential for organized sports to promote health has been underexploited. Sports clubs have limited capacity to promote health due to their voluntary nature and have called for support from their national sports federations. The present article provides guidelines, based on the theoretical principles of health promoting sports clubs and an analysis of practical tools and proven strategies, to support national sports federations to invest in health promotion (HP). Methods: A qualitative iterative study was undertaken, based on five 2-h meetings of a group of 15 international researchers in HP in sports clubs. Notes and minut…
Quality of life at work in academia: preliminary results for the validation of a tool for Italian university
2019
Purpose: Research on quality of working life in academia appears surprisingly rare in many countries, and in some cases nearly absent. Trying to fill this gap, a team formed by W/O psychologists from 16 Italian universities developed a tool for the assessment of psychosocial risks as well as workers health and wellbeing in universities. The validation of this tool (theoretically based on the Job Demands- Resources model) will be presented in this contribution. Design: A pilot study was conducted on a sample of 120 Italian university researchers/teachers, to make a preliminary test of the psychometric properties of the tool. In order to finalize the validation of the tool a second study was …
Implementing positive behaviour intervention and support in Finnish early childhood education and care : leadership team’s perspective
2023
The effective implementation of positive behaviour intervention and support (PBIS) requires both organisational and professional change. This means that the whole community including all educators and children commit to shared principles, practices, and structures to create a safe and supportive social climate. In this article, we investigate the initial implementation of the Finnish PBIS ProVaka in eighteen early childhood education and care (ECEC) centres. Our inductive qualitative analysis of longitudinal progress diary data focuses on roles, responsibilities and communication among the ECEC communities. The results show that successful ProVaka development is a matter of successfully exp…